Alocril: Full Drug Profile

Alocril - General Information

A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with asthma, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets.

Pharmacology of Alocril

Alocril is a anti-inflammatory agent and can be administered directly to the bronchial mucosa. It has significant inhibitory effect on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic reactions and on bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Alocril for patients

Patients should be told that:

Tilade must be taken regularly to achieve benefit, even during symptom-free periods.

Tilade is not meant to relieve acute asthma symptoms. If symptoms do not improve or the patient's condition worsens, the patient should not increase the dosage but should notify the physician immediately.

They should not decrease the dose without the physician's knowledge. The recommended dose should not be exceeded.

The full therapeutic effect of Tilade may not be obtained for 1 week or longer after initiating treatment.

Because the therapeutic effect depends upon local delivery to the lungs, it is essential that patients be properly instructed in the correct method of use.

An illustrated leaflet for the patient is included in each Tilade Inhaler pack.

Alocril Interactions

In clinical studies, Tilade has been co-administered with other anti-asthma medications, including inhaled and oral bronchodilators, and inhaled corticosteroids, with no evidence of increased frequency of adverse events or laboratory abnormalities. No formal drug-drug interaction studies, however, have been conducted.

Alocril Contraindications

Tilade Inhaler is contraindicated in patients who have shown hypersensitivity to nedocromil sodium or other ingredients in this preparation.

Additional information about Alocril

Alocril Indication

For the treatment of mild to moderate asthma

Mechanism Of Action

Alocril has been shown to inhibit the in vitro activation of, and mediator release from, a variety of inflammatory cell types associated with asthma, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets. Alocril inhibits activation and release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, prostaglandin D2 and leukotrienes c4 from different types of cells in the lumen and mucosa of the bronchial tree. These mediators are derived from arachidonic acid metabolism through the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways. The mechanism of action of nedocromil may be due partly to inhibition of axon reflexes and release of sensory neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, and calcitonin-geneñrelated peptides. The result is inhibition of bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction. Alocril does not posess any bronchodilator, antihistamine, or corticosteroid activity.

Generic Name

Nedocromil

Drug Category

Anti-Allergic Agents; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Anti-inflammatory Agents

Drug Type

Small Molecule; Approved

Other Brand Names containing Nedocromil

Alocril; Nedocromil [USAN-BAN-INN]; Nedocromilo [Spanish]; Nedocromilum [Latin]; Tilade;

Absorption

Low

Toxicity (Overdose)

Side effects include headache, nasal congestion, ocular burning, irritation and stinging, unpleasant taste, cough, difficulty breathing, noisy breathing, shortness of breath, tightness in chest, wheezing, conjunctivitis, blurred vision, change in color vision, difficulty seeing at night, increased sensitivity of eyes to sunlight.

Protein Binding

approximately 89% protein bound in human plasma over a concentration range of 0.5 to 50 µg/mL

Biotransformation

Nedocromil is not metabolized after IV administration and is excreted unchanged.

Half Life

~3.3 hours

Dosage Forms of Alocril

Liquid Ophthalmic

Chemical IUPAC Name

9-ethyl-4,6-dioxo-10-propylpyrano[5,6-g]quinoline-2,8-dicarboxylic acid

Chemical Formula

C19H17NO7

Nedocromil on Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedocromil

Organisms Affected

Humans and other mammals